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The offensive strategy worked for a while, but eventually other nations, including Russia, Iran, North Korea, and China, acquired their own offensive capability and have tended to use it against the United States. NSA contractors created and sold "click-and-shoot" attack tools to U.S. agencies and close allies, but eventually the tools made their way to foreign adversaries. In 2016, NSAs own hacking tools were hacked, and they have been used by Russia and North Korea. NSA's employees and contractors have been recruited at high salaries by adversaries, anxious to compete in cyberwarfare. Cybersecurity Guide was created to help prospective students and early career professionals navigate this new space and find the opportunities that best fit educational and career goals. Although malware and network breaches existed during the early years, they did not use them for financial gain. By the second half of the 1970s, established computer firms like IBM started offering comm

In a survey of interlibrary loan librarians, it was found that 92% of libraries held e-books in their collections and that 27% of those libraries had negotiated ILL rights for some of their e-books. This survey found significant barriers to conducting interlibrary loan for e-books. The library's catalog is then populated with records for all of the e-books that match the profile. This e-reader, with expandable storage, could store up to 100,000 pages of content, including text, graphics and pictures. 1995Online poet Alexis Kirke discusses the need for wireless internet EBOOK electronic paper readers in his article "The Emuse". Rigamonti design and create the first e-reader, called Incipit, as a thesis project at the Polytechnic University of Milan. Archived December 24, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Google Support. By the end of 2015, Google Books scanned more than 25 million books. May – Mofibo launches the first Scandinavian unlimited access e-book subscription ser